What is Osteoarthritis?
Osteoarthritis, also called degenerative joint disease is the most common form of arthritis. It occurs most often in older people. This disease affects the tissue covering the ends of bones in a joint (cartilage).
In a person with osteoarthritis, the cartilage becomes damaged and worn out causing pain, swelling, stiffness and restricted movement in the affected joint.
Although osteoarthritis may affect various joints including hips, knees, hands, and spine, the hip joint is most commonly affected. Rarely, the disease may affect the shoulders, wrists and feet.
Osteoarthritis in the hip is characterized by damaged articular cartilage, cartilage lining the hip joint. Advanced age is one of the most common reasons for osteoarthritis of hip. You may also develop osteoarthritis if you had hip injury or fracture in the past, if you have family history of osteoarthritis, suffering from hip diseases such as avascular necrosis and other congenital or developmental hip diseases.
How do you know that you have osteoarthritis? The characteristic symptoms and diagnostic test helps in diagnosing the condition. You may experience severe pain confined to a specific area of the body, morning stiffness and limited range of motion. Based on the symptoms your orthopaedic doctor will perform physical examination, X-rays and other scans, and also some blood tests to rule out the other conditions that may cause similar symptoms.
Management of Osteoarthritis
There are several treatments and lifestyle modifications that can help you ease your pain and symptoms.
Medications: Pain-relieving medications such as NSAIDs, COX-2 inhibitors and opioids may be prescribed. Topical medications such as ointments can be applied over the skin where there is pain. If the pain is very severe, corticosteroid injection can be given directly into the affected joint to ease the pain.
Other Treatments: Your physiotherapist will teach you exercises to keep joints flexible and improve muscle strength. Heat / cold therapy which involves applying heat or cold packs to the joints provides temporary pain relief. Lifestyle modifications can be done to control weight and avoid extra stress on the weight-bearing joints.
Regenerative Treatments: Some patient may be candidates for PRP Therapy or BMAC Therapy. Both are forms of regenerative treatments use cells harvested from the patients own body.
Surgery: Joint replacement surgery is considered an option when the pain and joint damage is so severe that it causes chronic pain and affects your ability to carry out normal activities. Patients who have joint replacement surgery as a result of arthritis are typically over 50 years old. While hip joint replacement and knee joint replacement surgeries are major procedures, they are considered routine based on the volume done every year.
Osteoarthritis and Pain Management
The Center For Musculoskeletal Disorders treats patients who are in pain as the result of osteoarthritis and other disorders than cause chronic pain. Schedule an appointment to be evaluated and discuss your treatment options with an orthopedic pain management doctor.